Akut smärta

• Oxford league table of analgesics in acute pain (2007). Bandolier.
• Lesko SM, Mitchell AA. An assessment of the safety of pediatric ibuprofen. A practitioner-based randomized clinical trial. JAMA 1995;273(12):929-33.
• Oxycodone for the treatment of postoperative pain. Kokki H, Kokki M, Sjövall S. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2012 May;13(7):1045-58. Review. PMID: 22519769 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Related citations
• Long-acting morphine following hip or knee replacement: a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Musclow SL, Bowers T, Vo H, Glube M, Nguyen T. Pain Res Manag. 2012 Mar-Apr;17(2):83-8. PMID: 22518369 [PubMed - indexed for MED- LINE] Related citations
• Lin J, et al. Efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of osteoarthritis: meta-analysis of randomised control- led trials. BMJ. 2004;329(7461):324.
• Mason L, et al. Topical NSAIDs for chronic musculoskeletal pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2004;5(1):28.
• Nabulsi M, Tamim H, Sabra R, Mahfoud Z, Malaeb S, Fakih H, Mikati M. Equal antipyretic effectiveness of oral and rectal acetaminophen: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr. 2005;5:35.
• Perrott DA, Piira T, Goodenough B, Champion GD. Efficacy and safety of acetaminophen vs ibuprofen for treating children’s pain or fever: a meta-analysis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004;158(6):521-6.

Långvarig smärta, allmänt

• Artros. Behandling av artros. Läkemedelsverket och Statens Legemiddelverk. Information från Läkemedelsverket 2004;15(3):19-75 (Hälso- och sjukvård/ Behandlingsrekommendationer/Artros)
• SBU rapport nr 177 (2006). Metoder för behandling av långvarig smärta. En systematisk litteraturöversikt.
• SBU rapport nummer 315 (2020). Läkemedelsbehandling av vanliga smärttillstånd hos äldre personer. 
• Läkemedelsbehandling av långvarig smärta hos barn och vuxna – behandlingsrekommendation. Information från Läkemedelsverket 2017;28(3):23–53.

Långvarig smärta, COX-hämmare

• Bresalier RS et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib in a colorectal adenoma chemoprevention trial. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1092-102.
• Chan FK et al. Celecoxib versus diclofenac and omeprazole in reducing the risk of recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients with arthritis. N Engl J Med 2002;347:2104-10.
• Chan FK et al. Celecoxib versus diclofenac plus omeprazole in high-risk arthritis patients: results of a randomized double-blind trial. Gastro-enterology. 2004;127:1038-43.
• Chan FK, et al. Combination of a cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor and a proton-pump inhibitor for prevention of recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients at very high risk: a double-blind, randomised trial. Lancet 2007;369(9573):1621-6.
• Combined use of SSRIs and NSAIDs increases the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003;55(6):591-5.
• Coxib and Traditional NSAID Trialists’ Collaboration. The Lancet ;Early Online Publication, 30 May 2013. Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: meta-analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials. The Lancet.
• EMEA (European Medicines Agency): CHMP review on non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Opinion, and Appendix II. EMEA/CHMP/410051/2006. (verifierat 2006- 12-06)
• Helin-Salmivaara A, et al. Risk of upper gastrointestinal events with the use of various NSAIDs: a casecontrol study in a general population. Scand J Gastroenterology 2007;42:923-32 (a)
• Helin-Salmivaara A, et al. Risk of serious upper gastrointestinal events with concurrent use of NSAIDs and SSRIs: a case-control study in the general population. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63:403-6 (b)
• Hooper L, et al. The effectiveness of five strategies for the prevention of gastrointestinal toxicity induced by non-steroidal anti-inflamma- tory drugs: systematic review. BMJ. 2004;329(7472):948.
• Lin J, et al. Efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of osteoarthritis: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2004;329(7461):324.
• Mason L, et al. Topical NSAIDs for chronic musculoskeletal pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2004;5:28.
• Rostom et al. Prevention of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulcers (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2002. Oxford: Update Software. (Date of most recent substantive amendment: 24 August 2004)
• Solomon SC et al. Cardiovascular risk associated with celecoxib in a clinical trial for colorectal adenoma prevention. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1071-80.
• Tata LJ et al. Does concurrent prescription of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs substantially increase the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding? Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;22(3):175-81.
• Towheed TE et al. Acetaminophen for osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jan 25;(1):CD004257.
• Cardiovascular Safety of Celecoxib, Naproxen, or Ibuprofen for Arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2016 Dec 29;375(26):2519-29

Långvarig smärta, opioider

• Davis MP et al. Normal-release and controlled-release oxycodone: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and controversy (Review). Sup- port Care Cancer 2003;22:84-92.
• Opioider. Användning av opioider vid långvarig icke-cancerrelaterad smärta. Läkemedelsverket och Statens Legemiddelverk. Workshop. Information från Läkemedelsverket 2002 (1): 17 -75. 
• Reid CM, et al. Oxycodone for cancer-related pain: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2006;166(8):837-43.
• Riley et al. No pain relief from morphine? Support Care Cancer (2006) 14:56–64. Oral morphine for cancer pain (Review). The Cochrane Col- laboration 2009, Issue 3.
• Tarmkanalens funktionsrubbningar, Bodil Ohlsson, Medicinkliniken, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Malmö (lakemedelsboken.se) 

Smärtlindrande läkemedel till äldre

• Bannwarth B et al. Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in polymedicated very old patients with rheumatic pain. J Rheumatol. 2001;28(1):182-4.
• Davis MP, et al. Normal-release and controlled-release oxycodone: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and controversy (Review). Support Care Cancer 2003;22:84-92.
• Opioids and the Management of Chronic Severe Pain in the Elderly: Consensus Statement of an International Expert Panel with Focus on the Six Clinically Most Often Used World Health Organization step III Opioids. World Institute of Pain. Pain Practice, Volume 8, issue 4, 2008 287 – 313
• Review of opiod efficacy in pain management in the elderly. Consensus statement Opioids and the Management of Chronic Severe Pain in the Elderly Pain Practice, Volume 8, Issue 4, 2008 287– 313

Utsättning av smärtläkemedel

• Haddad PM. Antidepressant discontinuation syndromes. Drug Saf. 2001;24:183-97. Norton JW. Gabapentin withdrawal syndrome. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2001;24:245-6.
• Persson M et al. Utsättningsreaktioner av tramadol – ett större problem än förväntat? Läkemedelsverket 2006-11-14, www.lakemedelsverket. se (2006-12-06)
• Pittenger C, Desan PH. Gabapentin abuse, and delirium tremens upon gabapentin withdrawal. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(3):483-4. Tran KT et al. Gabapentin withdrawal syndrome in the presence of a taper. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7(3): 302-4.
• Barrueto F Jr et al. Gabapentin withdrawal presenting as status epilepticus. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2002; 40(7):925-8. Norton JW. Gabapentin withdrawal syndrome. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2001;24(4):245-6. FAS UT 2 Claes Lundgren